lautnusantara.comPort development provides significant economic and social benefits but also potentially causes ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems. This article discusses the impact of port construction on the sustainability of fishery resources, emphasizing changes in habitat quality, fishing pressure, and marine environmental degradation. A case study conducted in a coastal area experiencing new port development shows that without adequate environmental management, biodiversity and fishery productivity decline.

Introduction:
Port construction is vital infrastructure for economic growth, especially in the fisheries and maritime trade sectors. However, activities such as land reclamation, dredging, and vessel traffic can disrupt aquatic ecosystems that serve as fish habitats. This study aims to identify such impacts on the sustainability of fishery resources.

Methods:
This research employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches through field surveys, interviews with local fishermen, and analysis of water quality and biodiversity before and after port development. The study was conducted in the eastern coastal region of Sumatra.

Results and Discussion:
The results indicated increased water turbidity, changes in current patterns, and loss of coastal vegetation such as mangroves. These impacts led to a decline in demersal and small pelagic fish populations due to the destruction of spawning and nursery grounds. Additionally, fishing intensity increased as a result of easier access via the port, potentially leading to overexploitation.

Port development has a two-way impact on the sustainability of fish resources: positive and negative. Positive impacts include increasing fisheries potential, increasing fishermen's income, and increasing employment. Negative impacts include environmental damage, ecosystem changes, and the potential for over-exploitation.

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