Marlin on the Verge of Extinction: What's Causing Their Population Decline?

By. Edi - 23 Aug 2025

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lautnusantara.com Marlin, renowned for their speed and strength, are now facing serious threats. Their status as apex predators in the ocean makes them highly vulnerable to various factors that contribute to population decline.

Here are some of the main causes behind the decline in marlin populations:

1. Overfishing

This is the biggest factor threatening the survival of marlin. While often the primary target for sport fishing, marlin are also accidentally caught in large numbers by commercial vessels targeting other species such as tuna.

  • Longline Fishing: This method uses thousands of hooks on a single long line that stretches for miles across the ocean. Marlin, being opportunistic predators, often get caught on these hooks, making them unwanted bycatch.
  • Market Demand: Although discouraged for consumption due to their high mercury content, marlin still command a high market value or as food in some countries. This high demand fuels aggressive and uncontrolled fishing.

2. Destructive Fishing Practices

Some fishing methods, such as the use of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) or trawl nets, exacerbate the problem of overfishing. FADs are floating objects used to gather fish, but they also attract marlin and other marine species. When trawl nets are deployed around FADs, many fish, including marlin, are caught in the net.

3. Vulnerable Marlin Biology

Marlin have a life cycle that makes them highly vulnerable to fishing pressure.

  • Low Reproductive Rate: Marlin take a long time to reach sexual maturity and reproduce. Capturing adults before they have a chance to reproduce significantly impacts populations.
  • Long-Distance Migration: Marlin are long-distance swimmers that traverse oceans. This makes them difficult to protect because they traverse the territorial waters of various countries with differing regulations.

Ongoing Conservation Efforts

Despite facing significant threats, various efforts are underway to protect marlin:

  • Fishing Regulation: International organizations and governments are working together to establish catch quotas and limits.
  • Catch and Release Promotion: In sport fishing, catch and release campaigns are being promoted to ensure the survival of marlin after being caught.
  • Education and Awareness: Raising public awareness about the importance of marlin conservation and the risks of consumption due to high mercury levels.

Saving marlin is not just about protecting one species, but about maintaining the health of the entire marine ecosystem.

 

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