lautnusantara.com Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), also known as skipjack tuna, is one of the most widely fished tuna species worldwide. Its massive catch success is due to its unique biology, behavior, and utilization.

Biology and Characteristics
Skipjack tuna are pelagic fish that live in warm tropical and subtropical waters. They are relatively small compared to other tuna species, typically growing to 1 meter in length and weighing around 20 kg. Their distinctive feature is the dark horizontal stripes on their belly.

Biologically, these fish are known for their extremely high metabolism. They must constantly swim to maintain water flow through their gills, known as forced ventilation, to survive. This also allows them to maintain a body temperature warmer than the surrounding water, a trait that helps them swim quickly to chase prey.

Behavior and Ecology
Skipjack tuna are known as fast and powerful swimmers. They live in dense schools often associated with marine mammals or floating objects such as FADs (Fish Aggregating Devices). These schools can reach enormous sizes, sometimes numbering tens of thousands of individuals.

As predators, skipjack tuna prey on small fish, crustaceans, and squid. They play a vital role in the ecosystem as a link between lower and higher trophic levels, transferring energy from small prey to larger predators such as sharks and marine mammals.

Use in Fisheries
Skipjack tuna is widely used, making it one of the most important commercial fish species. Most of the catch is processed into canned tuna, the most popular tuna product on the global market. Additionally, skipjack tuna is sold fresh, frozen, or processed into other products such as katsuobushi (dried fish shavings) in Japan.

The most common fishing method is purse seine fishing, often using FADs to collect the fish. The use of FADs has raised concerns about bycatch of other species, fueling debate about sustainable fishing practices. Despite this, skipjack tuna stocks are generally considered healthy globally and capable of sustaining high catch rates.

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